Spring RestTemplate is a synchronous client provided by the Spring Framework for making HTTP requests. It simplifies the process of interacting with RESTful web services by offering methods for various HTTP operations like GET, POST, PUT, and DELETE. This allows developers to easily consume APIs and handle responses in a straightforward manner. RestTemplate supports various data formats, including JSON and XML, and can automatically convert them to and from Java objects. It also provides features like error handling, request/response interceptors, and customizable message converters, making it a versatile tool for building applications that communicate over the web.