Spring Data JPA is a part of the Spring Framework that simplifies data access in Java applications. It provides an abstraction layer over the Java Persistence API (JPA), allowing developers to interact with databases using simple repository interfaces instead of writing complex SQL queries. This makes it easier to manage data and perform CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations. With Spring Data JPA, developers can define repository interfaces that automatically implement common database operations. It supports various databases and integrates seamlessly with other Spring components, promoting a consistent programming model. This helps streamline application development and enhances productivity.