Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking is a concept in physics where a system that is symmetric under certain conditions ends up in a state that is not symmetric. Imagine a perfectly round ball at the top of a hill; it can roll down in any direction, representing symmetry. However, once it rolls down, it settles in a specific position, breaking that symmetry.
This idea is crucial in understanding various phenomena, such as the behavior of particles in quantum mechanics and the formation of crystals. In these cases, the underlying laws remain symmetric, but the actual state of the system reveals a preference for a particular configuration.