The splenic artery is a major blood vessel that supplies oxygenated blood to the spleen, an organ involved in filtering blood and supporting the immune system. It branches off from the celiac trunk, which is a large artery that also supplies the stomach and liver. The splenic artery runs along the upper border of the pancreas before reaching the spleen. As it travels, the splenic artery gives off several smaller branches that supply the pancreas and parts of the stomach. Proper blood flow through the splenic artery is essential for the spleen's function, and any blockage can lead to serious health issues.