Spinors are mathematical objects used in physics and mathematics to describe the intrinsic angular momentum, or spin, of particles. Unlike traditional vectors, which have a clear direction in three-dimensional space, spinors can represent states that change when rotated in specific ways. They are essential in the study of quantum mechanics and relativity. In quantum field theory, spinors are particularly important for describing particles like electrons and neutrinos, which have half-integer spin values. This unique property allows them to obey the Pauli exclusion principle, which states that no two identical fermions can occupy the same quantum state simultaneously.