Spearman's Theory, developed by Charles Spearman in the early 20th century, posits that intelligence consists of a general factor, known as g, which influences performance across various cognitive tasks. This theory suggests that individuals who excel in one area, such as mathematics, are likely to perform well in other areas, like verbal skills, due to this underlying general intelligence. In addition to the general factor, Spearman also identified specific abilities, referred to as s factors, that are unique to particular tasks. This dual-factor model emphasizes that while general intelligence plays a significant role, specialized skills also contribute to overall cognitive performance.