A spatial database is a type of database designed to store, query, and manage data related to objects in space. This includes information about geographic locations, shapes, and relationships between different spatial entities. Spatial databases are commonly used in applications like geographic information systems (GIS), urban planning, and environmental monitoring. These databases utilize specialized data types and indexing methods to efficiently handle spatial data. For example, they can store data in formats like points, lines, and polygons, allowing users to perform complex queries such as finding all parks within a certain distance from a location.