Spacecraft power systems are essential for providing energy to all onboard systems and instruments. They typically use solar panels to convert sunlight into electricity, which is stored in batteries for use when the spacecraft is in shadow. This setup ensures that the spacecraft can operate continuously, even when it is not directly exposed to the sun. In addition to solar power, some spacecraft utilize radioisotope thermoelectric generators (RTGs) for long-duration missions, especially in deep space where sunlight is weak. These systems convert heat from radioactive decay into electricity, providing a reliable power source for years. Proper power management is crucial for mission success and the longevity of the spacecraft.