The "Soviet era" refers to the period when the Soviet Union existed, from 1922 to 1991. It was characterized by a one-party state governed by the Communist Party, which aimed to create a classless society through state control of the economy and society. Major events during this time included the Russian Revolution, World War II, and the Cold War. During the Soviet era, the government implemented various policies, such as collectivization in agriculture and rapid industrialization. The period also saw significant achievements in science and technology, including the launch of Sputnik, the first artificial satellite. However, it was marked by political repression, censorship, and human rights abuses.