Soviet Russia, officially known as the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, was the largest and most influential republic of the Soviet Union, which existed from 1922 to 1991. It was characterized by a one-party system led by the Communist Party, where the government controlled the economy and many aspects of daily life. The capital was Moscow, and the state promoted the ideology of Marxism-Leninism. During its existence, Soviet Russia played a significant role in global events, including World War II and the Cold War. The country was known for its rapid industrialization, space achievements like the launch of Sputnik, and cultural contributions in literature, art, and science. However, it also faced challenges such as political repression and economic difficulties.