South America is a continent located in the Western Hemisphere, primarily in the Southern Hemisphere. It consists of 12 independent countries, including Brazil, Argentina, Colombia, and Chile. Each country has its own unique culture, language, and geography, ranging from the Amazon rainforest to the Andes mountains. The continent is known for its rich biodiversity and natural resources. Major rivers, such as the Amazon River, flow through several countries, providing vital ecosystems. South America is also home to various indigenous groups and vibrant cities, making it a diverse and fascinating region to explore.