South African Apartheid was a system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination that lasted from 1948 to the early 1990s. Under this policy, the National Party government enforced laws that separated people based on their race, privileging the white minority while oppressing the Black majority and other racial groups. This included restrictions on movement, education, and employment, as well as the creation of separate living areas. The resistance against Apartheid grew over the years, led by figures such as Nelson Mandela and organizations like the African National Congress (ANC). International pressure and internal protests eventually led to the dismantling of Apartheid laws, culminating in the first multiracial elections in 1994, which marked a significant turning point in South African history.