The Songhai Empire was one of the largest and most powerful empires in West Africa during the 15th and 16th centuries. It emerged after the decline of the Mali Empire and became a major center for trade, culture, and learning. The capital city, Gao, was known for its bustling markets and vibrant community, attracting traders from across the region. Under the leadership of rulers like Askia Muhammad, the empire expanded its territory and influence, controlling important trade routes for gold, salt, and other goods. The Songhai Empire is also remembered for its contributions to education and scholarship, particularly in cities like Timbuktu, which became a renowned center for Islamic learning.