The somatic mesoderm is a layer of embryonic tissue that develops from the mesoderm during early stages of embryogenesis. It plays a crucial role in forming structures such as the musculoskeletal system, dermis, and parts of the circulatory system. This layer contributes to the development of the body wall and limbs. In addition to its structural functions, the somatic mesoderm also interacts with the ectoderm to help form the skin and nervous system. It is essential for proper organ development and overall body plan organization in vertebrates, ensuring that various systems work together harmoniously.