The Somali Civil War began in 1991 when the central government collapsed, leading to a power struggle among various factions. This conflict resulted in widespread violence, displacement, and humanitarian crises, as different clans and warlords fought for control over territory and resources. Over the years, the war has seen the rise of extremist groups, including Al-Shabaab, which has further complicated the situation. International efforts to stabilize Somalia have included peacekeeping missions and humanitarian aid, but the country continues to face challenges in achieving lasting peace and rebuilding its institutions.