Soil organisms are living creatures that inhabit the soil, playing a crucial role in maintaining soil health and fertility. They include a variety of organisms such as bacteria, fungi, earthworms, and insects. These organisms help decompose organic matter, recycle nutrients, and improve soil structure, which benefits plant growth. The activities of soil organisms contribute to the formation of humus, a rich organic material that enhances soil quality. Additionally, they help aerate the soil and promote water retention, making it easier for plants to access essential nutrients. Overall, soil organisms are vital for sustaining ecosystems and agricultural productivity.