Social choice is a field of study that examines how individual preferences can be aggregated to make collective decisions. It explores various methods for voting and decision-making, aiming to find fair and efficient ways to represent the interests of a group. This includes analyzing different voting systems, such as majority rule and ranked choice voting, to determine how they impact outcomes. The theory of social choice also addresses issues like Arrow's Impossibility Theorem, which highlights the challenges in creating a perfect voting system that satisfies all fairness criteria. By understanding these concepts, researchers aim to improve democratic processes and ensure that group decisions reflect the will of the people.