Soaps are cleansing agents made from natural fats or oils combined with an alkali, such as sodium hydroxide. They work by trapping dirt and oil in their molecular structure, allowing them to be washed away with water. Soaps can be found in various forms, including bars, liquids, and powders, and are commonly used for personal hygiene and household cleaning. The process of making soap is called saponification, where fats react with an alkali to produce glycerin and soap. Different types of soaps, such as castile soap or glycerin soap, offer unique properties and benefits, catering to various skin types and preferences.