Smalltalk is an object-oriented programming language that emphasizes simplicity and flexibility. Developed in the 1970s, it introduced many concepts that are now standard in modern programming, such as dynamic typing and a rich set of libraries. Its environment allows developers to interactively create and modify code, making it a powerful tool for rapid prototyping. The Smalltalk programming environment is known for its integrated development environment (IDE), which provides a user-friendly interface for coding, debugging, and testing. This approach encourages exploration and experimentation, making it particularly appealing for educational purposes and for those new to programming.