The Sino-Russian Treaty, formally known as the Treaty of Friendship, Alliance, and Mutual Assistance, was signed in 1950 between the People's Republic of China and the Soviet Union. This agreement aimed to strengthen political, military, and economic ties between the two nations during the early years of the Cold War. It established a framework for cooperation and mutual support against perceived Western threats. The treaty included provisions for military assistance and economic aid, which helped China in its development efforts. However, the relationship between the two countries became strained in the 1960s, leading to a split that affected global geopolitics. The treaty was eventually rendered obsolete with the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.