A single-ply membrane is a type of roofing material made from a single layer of synthetic material, typically thermoplastic or thermoset polymers. These membranes are lightweight, flexible, and resistant to UV rays, making them suitable for flat or low-slope roofs. They are often installed using methods like mechanical fastening, ballasting, or adhesive application. Single-ply membranes come in various types, including EPDM, TPO, and PVC, each offering different benefits and installation techniques. They are popular in commercial and industrial buildings due to their durability, ease of installation, and energy efficiency, helping to reduce heating and cooling costs.