A Single Overhead Camshaft (SOHC) is an engine design where one camshaft is located in the cylinder head, controlling both the intake and exhaust valves. This setup simplifies the engine's design and reduces weight compared to a Dual Overhead Camshaft (DOHC) system, which has separate camshafts for intake and exhaust. SOHC engines are often found in smaller vehicles and some motorcycles, providing a balance between performance and efficiency. They typically offer good fuel economy and are easier to maintain, making them a popular choice for everyday driving. engine design, valves, fuel economy