Simulation techniques are methods used to create a virtual model of a real-world process or system. These techniques allow researchers and engineers to analyze complex scenarios without the need for physical experiments. By using computer software, they can simulate various conditions and observe potential outcomes, which helps in decision-making and problem-solving. Common types of simulation techniques include Monte Carlo simulation, discrete event simulation, and system dynamics. Each technique has its own strengths and is suited for different types of problems. For example, Monte Carlo simulation is often used for risk assessment, while discrete event simulation is ideal for modeling systems with distinct events occurring at specific times.