A simply supported beam is a structural element that is supported at both ends, allowing it to freely rotate and deflect under load. This type of beam does not have any fixed supports, which means it can move vertically at its ends. The loads applied to the beam create bending moments and shear forces, which are essential for understanding its behavior in engineering. In civil engineering, simply supported beams are commonly used in bridges and buildings. They are analyzed using principles from mechanics, such as the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, to determine how they will respond to various loads. This analysis helps ensure safety and stability in construction projects.