The Silesian Dukes were a series of rulers in the region of Silesia, which is now part of modern-day Poland. They emerged during the Middle Ages, particularly after the fragmentation of the Polish Kingdom in the 12th century. The dukes governed various principalities, often engaging in alliances and conflicts with neighboring territories. These dukes played a significant role in the political landscape of Central Europe. Notable figures include Bolesław I the Tall and Henry I the Bearded, who contributed to the cultural and economic development of Silesia. The Silesian Dukes eventually lost their independence, becoming vassals to larger powers like Bohemia and Austria.