Siddhartha Gautama, known as the Buddha, was a spiritual leader who lived in ancient India around the 5th to 4th century BCE. He was born into a royal family but renounced his privileged life in search of enlightenment. After years of meditation and self-discovery, he attained a profound understanding of life and suffering. The teachings of the Buddha form the foundation of Buddhism, a major world religion. His core principles include the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path, which guide followers in overcoming suffering and achieving spiritual awakening. The Buddha's insights continue to influence millions around the globe.