Shot peening is a mechanical process used to enhance the durability and strength of materials, particularly metals. It involves bombarding the surface of a component with small spherical media, known as shot, which creates compressive stresses. This process helps to prevent fatigue and failure in materials subjected to cyclic loading. The shot peening process is commonly applied in industries such as aerospace, automotive, and manufacturing. By improving the surface properties of components like gears, springs, and turbine blades, shot peening extends their lifespan and reliability, ultimately leading to safer and more efficient operations.