Shot Noise
Shot noise is a type of electronic noise that occurs due to the discrete nature of electric charge. It arises when charged particles, such as electrons, flow through a conductor or semiconductor. Because these particles arrive randomly and in quantized amounts, their arrival times can vary, leading to fluctuations in the current. This randomness creates a background noise that can affect the performance of electronic devices.
In practical applications, shot noise is particularly significant in low-current systems, such as in photodetectors or transistors. It can limit the sensitivity and accuracy of measurements in communication systems and scientific instruments. Understanding and managing shot noise is essential for improving the performance of these technologies.