Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are fatty acids with fewer than six carbon atoms. They are produced when gut bacteria ferment dietary fibers in the colon. The most common SCFAs include acetate, propionate, and butyrate, which play essential roles in gut health and overall metabolism. SCFAs serve as an energy source for colon cells and help maintain the integrity of the gut barrier. They also have anti-inflammatory properties and may influence the immune system. Additionally, SCFAs can impact appetite regulation and fat storage, highlighting their importance in maintaining a healthy body weight.