Shader Model 5.0 is a graphics programming interface developed by Microsoft as part of the DirectX 11 API. It allows developers to create more complex and realistic visual effects in video games and applications by providing advanced features for writing shaders, which are small programs that determine how graphics are rendered on the screen. This model supports new techniques such as geometry shaders and tessellation, enabling smoother surfaces and more detailed environments. With Shader Model 5.0, developers can achieve higher levels of realism and performance, enhancing the overall visual experience for users.