Seyfert 2 galaxies are a type of active galaxy characterized by their bright emission lines in their spectra, which indicate the presence of ionized gas. They are named after the American astronomer Carl Seyfert, who classified them in the 1940s. Unlike Seyfert 1 galaxies, Seyfert 2 galaxies do not show broad emission lines, suggesting that the central supermassive black hole is obscured by dust and gas. These galaxies are often found in the local universe and can be identified by their unique spectral features. Seyfert 2 galaxies are important for studying the processes occurring in active galactic nuclei and the role of supermassive black holes in galaxy evolution.