Sex determination is the biological process that decides the sex of an organism, typically as male or female. In many species, including humans, this process is influenced by specific chromosomes. For example, humans have two sex chromosomes: X and Y. Individuals with two X chromosomes are usually female, while those with one X and one Y chromosome are typically male. In some organisms, sex determination can occur through environmental factors or social conditions. For instance, in certain reptiles, the temperature during egg incubation can influence whether the offspring develop as male or female. This highlights the diversity of mechanisms that govern sex determination across different species.