The Settlement Movement was a social reform initiative that began in the late 19th century, primarily in the United States and the United Kingdom. It aimed to address the challenges faced by urban poor communities through the establishment of community centers, known as settlements. These centers provided various services, including education, healthcare, and recreational activities, to improve the living conditions of residents. Key figures in the movement included Jane Addams, who co-founded the famous Hull House in Chicago. The movement emphasized the importance of social work and community engagement, encouraging middle-class volunteers to live in impoverished neighborhoods to better understand and assist the local population.