The Serrano pepper is a small, medium-heat chili pepper native to Mexico. Typically measuring 1 to 4 inches in length, it is often green, red, or yellow when ripe. Serrano peppers are commonly used in salsas, sauces, and various dishes, adding a fresh, vibrant flavor. These peppers range from 2,500 to 5,000 Scoville Heat Units (SHU), making them hotter than jalapeño peppers but milder than habanero peppers. They are usually eaten fresh, but can also be dried or pickled for preservation. Their versatility and flavor make them a popular choice in many cuisines.