Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) is a data transfer technology used primarily for connecting hard drives and storage devices in servers and high-performance computing environments. It offers faster data transfer rates compared to its predecessor, Parallel SCSI, and supports multiple devices on a single connection, enhancing overall system efficiency. SAS operates using a point-to-point architecture, which means each device connects directly to the controller, reducing data collisions and improving reliability. It also supports advanced features like hot swapping, allowing users to replace drives without shutting down the system, making it ideal for enterprise storage solutions.