Secure Multiparty Computation (SMPC) is a cryptographic technique that allows multiple parties to jointly compute a function over their inputs while keeping those inputs private. Each party contributes their data, and the computation is performed in such a way that no party learns anything about the other parties' inputs, except for the final output. This method is useful in scenarios where privacy is crucial, such as in financial transactions, medical research, or collaborative data analysis. By ensuring that sensitive information remains confidential, SMPC enables cooperation among parties without compromising their individual data security.