The Second Partition of Poland occurred in 1793 when the territories of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth were divided between the neighboring powers of Prussia and Russia. This event followed the first partition in 1772 and was driven by the weakening of Poland's political structure and military. The partition significantly reduced Poland's size and sovereignty, leading to increased foreign control. As a result of the Second Partition, Prussia gained western territories, while Russia expanded its influence in the east. This division further destabilized the region and set the stage for the eventual third partition in 1795, which erased Poland from the map for over a century.