Scaling techniques are methods used to increase the capacity of a system, allowing it to handle more workload or users. There are two primary types: vertical scaling and horizontal scaling. Vertical scaling involves adding more resources, like CPU or memory, to a single server, while horizontal scaling involves adding more servers to distribute the load. These techniques are essential for maintaining performance as demand grows. Cloud computing services often utilize these scaling methods to ensure applications remain responsive. By effectively implementing scaling techniques, organizations can optimize resource use and improve user experience without significant downtime.