Satellite payloads refer to the instruments and equipment carried by a satellite that perform specific functions. These can include cameras for imaging, sensors for collecting data, or communication devices for transmitting signals. The payload is the primary reason for the satellite's launch and determines its mission, whether for scientific research, weather monitoring, or telecommunications. The design and weight of a payload are crucial, as they affect the satellite's overall performance and the type of rocket needed for launch. Payloads are often customized to meet the needs of organizations like NASA, NOAA, or private companies, ensuring they can effectively gather and relay information from space.