The Santos Basin is a large offshore sedimentary basin located along the southeastern coast of Brazil. It is known for its significant oil and natural gas reserves, making it one of the most important areas for energy production in the country. The basin extends from the state of São Paulo to the state of Santa Catarina and is characterized by its deep waters and complex geological formations. Discovered in the late 1970s, the Santos Basin has attracted major oil companies, including Petrobras and international firms, due to its potential for exploration and production. The basin is home to several key oil fields, such as Tupi and Sapinhoá, which have contributed to Brazil's position as a leading oil producer in South America.