San Marino is a small, landlocked country located on the Italian Peninsula. It is one of the world's oldest republics, founded in A.D. 301. The country covers an area of about 61 square kilometers and has a population of around 34,000 people. Its capital city is also called San Marino, which is situated on a mountain and features historic architecture. The economy of San Marino is primarily based on finance, tourism, and manufacturing. The country is known for its beautiful landscapes, medieval architecture, and rich history. Visitors often explore its ancient fortresses, such as Guaita, one of the three towers that symbolize the nation.