Saint-Simon was a French social theorist and philosopher who lived during the late 18th and early 19th centuries. He is best known for his ideas about social reform and the importance of science and industry in improving society. Saint-Simon believed that a new social order should be established, where the wealthy and educated would lead the way in creating a better future for all. His thoughts laid the groundwork for the development of socialism and influenced many later thinkers, including Karl Marx. Saint-Simon's vision emphasized cooperation and the role of experts in guiding society, advocating for a system that prioritized the common good over individual wealth.