SQL Optimization refers to the process of improving the performance of SQL queries to ensure they run efficiently and quickly. This involves analyzing the structure of the database, the queries being executed, and the way data is accessed. By optimizing these elements, users can reduce the time it takes to retrieve data and minimize the load on the database server. Common techniques for SQL Optimization include using proper indexing, rewriting queries for better performance, and avoiding unnecessary data retrieval. Additionally, understanding the execution plan of a query can help identify bottlenecks and areas for improvement, leading to faster and more efficient database operations.