The Ruhr area is a densely populated region in western Germany, known for its industrial history. It encompasses several cities, including Dortmund, Essen, and Bochum, and was once the heart of the country's coal and steel production. The area has undergone significant transformation, shifting from heavy industry to a more diverse economy. Today, the Ruhr area is recognized for its cultural institutions, universities, and green spaces. It hosts various events and festivals, celebrating its rich heritage. The region is also part of the Ruhrgebiet, a UNESCO World Heritage site, highlighting its historical significance in industrial development.