Amazon Route 53 is a scalable and highly available Domain Name System (DNS) web service designed to route end users to Internet applications. It translates human-friendly domain names, like www.example.com, into IP addresses that computers use to identify each other on the network. In addition to DNS services, Route 53 offers domain registration and health checking features. This allows users to monitor the availability of their applications and automatically redirect traffic if an issue is detected, ensuring a reliable experience for end users.