Robert Smalls was an African American man born into slavery in 1839 in South Carolina. He became famous for his daring escape during the American Civil War when he commandeered a Confederate ship, the Planter, and delivered it to Union forces in 1862. This act of bravery not only secured his freedom but also showcased his leadership skills. After the war, Smalls became a politician and served in the South Carolina legislature and the U.S. House of Representatives. He worked to improve the lives of African Americans and advocated for civil rights during the Reconstruction era. His legacy is remembered as a symbol of courage and resilience.