The Robber Council of Ephesus refers to the third ecumenical council held in 431 CE, which is often criticized for its lack of legitimacy. It was convened by the Roman Emperor Theodosius II and aimed to address the ongoing theological disputes, particularly regarding the nature of Christ and the role of the Virgin Mary. However, the council was marked by chaos and disorder, leading to its nickname. Many bishops who attended were accused of misconduct, and the council's decisions were largely rejected by the wider Christian community. This event is significant in the history of the early Christian Church, as it highlights the tensions and conflicts that arose during the formation of Christian doctrine.