Ritalin is a prescription medication primarily used to treat Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. Its active ingredient, methylphenidate, works by increasing certain chemicals in the brain that help with focus and attention. Ritalin is available in various forms, including tablets and extended-release capsules, allowing for flexible dosing. While Ritalin can be effective for many individuals, it may also cause side effects such as insomnia, decreased appetite, and anxiety. It is important for patients to work closely with their healthcare provider to monitor its effects and adjust the dosage as needed for optimal results.