Retrosynthesis is a problem-solving technique used in organic chemistry to plan the synthesis of complex molecules. It involves breaking down a target molecule into simpler precursor structures, working backward from the desired product to identify feasible synthetic routes. This method helps chemists visualize the steps needed to construct a molecule and select appropriate reactions. In retrosynthesis, chemists often use functional group interconversions and strategic bond disconnections to simplify the target molecule. By analyzing the molecular structure, they can determine which starting materials, such as reagents or intermediates, will be most effective in achieving the desired synthesis.