Retinal arteries are blood vessels that supply oxygen and nutrients to the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. These arteries branch off from the central retinal artery, which itself is a branch of the ophthalmic artery. Proper blood flow through these arteries is essential for maintaining healthy vision. The main retinal artery divides into smaller branches that reach different parts of the retina. Any blockage or damage to these arteries can lead to serious conditions, such as retinal artery occlusion, which can result in vision loss. Regular eye examinations can help detect issues with retinal arteries early.